The systematic literature review led by Gianluca Romano has been published in the International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education by Springer Nature
"Through the Telescope: A Systematic Review of Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Their Applications in Psychomotor Skill Learning"
This review fits in with our broader effort as a group on how AI can be supportive for psychomotor skills, i.e. those skills which require mind-body coordination, and that have a high degree of physicality.
The article systematically reviews "Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS)" and finds that current ITS primarily support fine, simple, and technical skills, such as those in medical and sports training.
We highlight gaps in addressing complex, gross, and open skills. For the future of the field, we call for ITS to incorporate broader physical skill dimensions, personalised feedback, and training theories to achieve more effective, holistic skill development. In the future, we expect ITS to move beyond repetition and expert comparison toward adaptive, theory-driven learning support.
Check it here Open Access 🔓
Romano, G., Schneider, J., Di Mitri, D. et al. Through the Telescope: A Systematic Review of Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Their Applications in Psychomotor Skill Learning. Int J Artif Intell Educ (2025). https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40593-025-00526-1